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March 29, 2005

For the Privatization of Freedom

[For the Privatization of FreedomUpdates below.]

The question for Americans is - will we allow our freedom to be privatized?

-Karen Bauer, Leslie Weise, and Alexander Young, quoted in DailyKos

The context of the quote is another example of government doin' its crazy thing again: tax-funded political events to promote government projects that exclude some people because the event's operators don't like their bumper stickers. Cry "misuse of power and funds" and let slip the outrage.

I have little fear Republicans want to privatize freedom. That'd mean the instant abolishment of government, among other things. The GOP and its conservative base need the state too much for their own uses to get rid of it. They want freedom socialized, just not as much as the Democrats.

UPDATED 4/19/2005 10:16am
The Democratic Party: The Party of Personal Liberty?, Daily Kos Wants It All, Fiscal Responsibility?, Meteor Blades Needs Economics, The Hypocrisy of Daily Kos, Kos Continues to Amaze, Economic Ignorance, Sacred Cows and Kossack Hypocrisy, and Kos Strikes Again

March 28, 2005

Inner Outrage; The Enslavement of Behrooz Araz

[Updates below.]

Ya know, some things just don't change. Even considering the moral-analytical dilemma I just wrote about, I still felt intense reaction to various news items over the last few days. All the usual suspects were present:

  1. The creation of jobs that serve to hinder the ownership of individuals' homes and land.
  2. The anger at hearing that county and state governments have the choice of opting out of Social Securty...and also had the option of joining in the first place (while I'm required to pay that payroll tax).
  3. The individuals that pay taxes in Austin might get saddled with the cost of a loan that individuals within the Austin government rightly deserve to pay.

But those flashes of emotion can't quite match what I felt while watching tonight's 9pm-10pm episode of 24. I know folks like Jim Henley have noticed this, but I wonder if it's sinking in yet with the broader audience.

We are watching a government agency, with almost no critical opposition from within, casually torture nearly anyone it believes has valuable, actionable intelligence. It doesn't matter who you are, the strength of the evidence against you, or even if you've comitted a crime. If it is possible something you might know could help save lives, you are not a human any longer. You are another tool to be used as they see fit.

This became crystal to me after watching Behrooz Araz (Jonathan Ahdout) fall under the interrogation methods of Curtis Manning (Roger Cross) after CTU is told to exchange him for Jack Bauer. It was assumed Behrooz knew something useful about the terrorists, organization, or the terrorists' plan. Using sickly euphemistic language like "lean on him" or "physical pressure," Curtis pushed Behrooz around and drugged him, eventually deciding he knew nothing useful. At that point, they coerce him into exchanging himself for Bauer...right back into the arms of the murderous terrorists whom the boy betrayed earlier.

On top of this, CTU sends him in wearing two tracking devices, on the safe assumption the one in his wristwatch will be found. It is, and the terrorists find the second one using the very same means they had to find the first! Now, Behrooz is about to be in the very armed, very unhappy, very tense, and very bloody embrace of the man who, if I recall correctly, ordered his father to kill him because he was becoming a threat to their mission.

Without a single complaint from anyone within CTU or "from Division" (at what level of hierarchal authority do lives become objects?), Behrooz Araz became a literal bargaining chip, with the same fundamental level of respect and consideration as a slice of plastic. No one questioned the essential violation of morality to, under the threat of violence, force a man (nevermind a child) to not only return people who are having a hard time deciding what to do with him (thereby acting no differently than CTU), but also to act as an agent and actively seek out the head terrorist, Habib Marwan (Arnold Vosloo) for the agency, almost entirely due to their inability to generate leads on him. No one asked Behrooz to help; no one sought his opinion. The Counter-Terrorist Unit simply drafted him, almost entirely on the grounds of its own incompetence.

As far as I know, the only thing Behrooz has done that was wrong was (1) not tell anyone about the massive terrorist conspiracy about to unfold and (2) volunteering to go along with it, up to the moment when he would have to personally kill someone. As clear as I can remember, the only information CTU has on Behrooz are the confessions he and his mother gave. I submit the treatment he received was dramatically more than he deserved given for what he is responsible. Willfull conspiracy to be complicit in mass murder is no small crime, but forcing the boy back to terrorists who have little use for him is just flatly abhorrent.

I'm an American and I've never been tortured by secret police or a shadowy law enforcement organization, so my imagination can only go so far in picturing what it feels like to live under the very real fear of their power. I'm watching this episode and I begin to get a clearer picture. This is the very state apparatus that we loudly condemn as vicious, moral, and totally unnecessary in other nations and yet there it is, on the very front lines, operating with seeming impunity, casting aside all the basic "protections" the Constitution allegedly secures the moment things go to shit.

It is, in my opinion, the perfect example of government in action.

Previous posts on 24: 24 and Torture, Fox's '24': A Libertarian Nightmare, and The Jack Bauer Power Hour.

UPDATED 4/18/2005 10:53pm
New posts: Inner Outrage; The Enslavement of Behrooz Araz, The Total Erosion of the Fourth Wall, and The 24 Embrace of Contemporary Politics

UPDATED 5/2/2005 10:56pm
Humanity Revealed in FOX's 24

UPDATED 5/17/2005 2:07pm
Quickie '24' Blog Items with an Emphasis on Richard Heller

UPDATED 3/13/2006 9:47am
My Take on FOX's '24' Ethics

March 26, 2005

Wherein Charles Hueter Attempts to Describe Just What the Hell He's Talking About...and Fails

In Noise Ordinance Laws and Libertarians, I took the position that municipal noise ordinance laws ought to be opposed.

Does it deserve to be? Do the property rights of homeowners wishing for peace and quiet override the property rights of drivers blaring music? Does the nuisance of booming bass require the government to get involved?

I say "no" to all three questions.


The problem, as I saw (and still see) it is one of the initiation of force.
Does blasting music loud violate the property rights of those around you, especially if the bass from said music is powerful enough to rattle windows a block away?

Does it act as an initiation of force, which would be such a violation? Certainly from a pure physics perspective it does. Subwoofers literally force liters of air outward at great pressures in order to create the bass effect. However, if you were to use this arguement, you'd have to address normal and everyday human-generated soundwaves, as they all operate on the same principles. All soundwaves impact the objects around them once generated and cease once they loose enough power.


But all this is gibberish and nonsense if I can't provide a foundation for what "rights" are and how they are derived.

That post from November 2003 has gathered over 80 comments and a significant portion of them are from "Doc" and I; we've been arguing the issue back and forth since January 2004. Unfortunately, I think the strength of my argument has suffered because it was during this timeframe that I began to really take seriously free market anarchism. I am by no means finished with this line of personal development, but the infantcy back then was closer to the surface.

As in most discussions resulting from disagreement over a specific political issue, the conversation quickly drifted towards why we stood for what we did. The importance of this became such that it overtook the particulars of the political issue (noise ordinances) near the end and dominated the discussion. Doc has persistently challenged me throughout the length of this and we finally came down to the fundamentals.

Drizz, wake up. We all love "freedom", but those who have advanced beyond high-school-level thought realize that nothing is absolute. No simple principle has ever managed to build a working society unmodified.

[...]

What one person sees as violence, another might not. So you might modify it that "no one can touch anyone else without permission". Okay, where do you get this idea? How is it logical? Why is touching another wrong? How about if I just touch their clothes and not their skin? Exactly how close must my fingertip be to their skin (or clothes) to constitute "touching"? And who is going to measure it to prove that an illegal touch/violence has happened?

I assert there is really no difference between my position that noise ordinances are good and your position that physical violence is bad. We are both saying that there are limits to freedom. We have different definitions of violence - that's all. Now, how is your definition on where to limit freedom fundamentally any different from mine? We both draw a line in the sand. Everyone draws a line in the sand. Fact is, with millions of people living in close proximity, democratic ways of deciding where the collective line in the sand stands is how things are done. Your line in the sand is not morally superior to the line in the sand drawn by the taxpayers of a city.

You have A LOT of work to do in explaining how your positions have any moral or logical authority.


To which I responded, in part:
"Nothing is absolute"? Isn't that an absolute statement of what you hold to be true? Is it false that you typed and posted a comment? Did I not read what you wrote and responded? This is sheer self-refuting silliness. There ARE absolutes. Reality exists. The trouble is in identifying these absolutes and integrating them together to form a logical whole.

[...]

Allow me to "come clean" and be forthright. I am an anarchist. I want no "laws" because I want no government. When I say the only actions that should be prohibited in my ideal society are those that constitute the initiation of force (aggression and fraud), I mean in such a society those are the only actions that deserve to have the perpetrator punished through restitution for his crimes.

[...]

Regarding logic, I proceed from a set of premises that are axiomatically true. If you try to refute them, you end up contradicting yourself and affirming their existence. For an example, see the "absolute truth" discussion above. From these premises, one can derive other truths. It is upon this foundation that I disagree with the justification of the state and the coercion and aggression it necessarily must engage in.


Doc followed with:
The fact that you think an "inconsistancy" in the words of a thinker means that we should entirely ignore that thinker betrays your fundamental problem: you believe you can find a set of fully consistent axioms that completely describe a world system. Ever heard of Gödel? Look him up - whatever axioms you come up with, they'll never answer every question with absolute precision. Doesn't matter how true each axiom is, and it doesn't matter how many millions of new axioms you "prove" with the previous axioms.

I should point out that I wrote a separate post titled Noise Ordinances, Redux that covered some important aspects of this.
So the issue is this: I believe moral action should be guided by objective ethics and those ethics should not contradict each other. If I am challenged in an arguement to prove what I believe is correct, that proof must be rooted in logic. Otherwise, it falls apart and becomes indefensible. Therefore, I have serious trouble accepting pragmatic and utilitarian (P&U) arguements for or against something.

[...]

From my absolutist viewpoint then, I should support noise restrictions because they violate the NAP and initiate force against those who have done nothing to you. In the case of subwoofers and powerful bass, the principle's violation becomes explicit as the forces involved can be great enough to rattle windows, wake people up, and literally disturb the peace. So why would I support the abolishment of noise laws as I did in my original post? Because I considered the individual property rights of the car owner to be more important than the property rights of the people affected by his music.

Admittedly, this feels strongly arbitrary, and it's beginning to trouble me. As the discussion in the comments continued, I began to realize I couldn't defend myself adequately. The typical way to determine property rights problems is to determine who initiated force, but using that standard in an ideal society would result in consequences that even I'd be wary of.

[...]

In the end, though, I have to stick up for what feels right in my gut if I'm unable to defend it from human criticism. And my position that noise ordinances violate property rights remains because they do. When I read about a law that makes it illegal for someone to play music on public roads that is loud enough to be heard from X feet away, I cringe. It represents another government attempt to exercise collective control over individual property. It's a symptom of the "do something!" syndrome that afflicts so many and provides room for the state to wade in and socially engineer.

Is this consequentialist and therefore a different form of P&U arguementation? I have a bad feeling it is.


That blog post, in retrospect, is something I am not proud of. It doesn't really solve anything or provide a serious answer other than, "Hell, I dunno. Opps?"

So I am here today faced with Doc's criticism, a criticism that is regularly mentioned witin the confines of the internecine minarchist-anarchist warfare that takes place amongst libertarians: rational objectivity in reality, epistemology, and ethics. I am not so arrogant to state I have found the solution, or to state that I have discovered a proof that withstands hard scrutiny. As much as I have progressed over the years from someone who simply took the existence of forced collectivization as a necessary given to someone who looks at just about everything from an individualist perspective, the formal understanding I desire just isn't ready to be systemized in writing. I'd be wasting everyone's time because I simply do not understand the most essential fundamentals yet. I cannot clearly express just how much it bothers me to say that, but there it is.

Therefore, after thinking about this for almost three weeks, I cannot provide to Doc what I promised I would provide: the axioms that lead to my position in favor of a completely free market in everything. Some I can, but I now realize I cannot explain how to get from something nonfalsifiable such as "reality exists" or "humans act" to "humans have specific rights and they are never to be violated." In other words, I've run up against both the problem of identifying the correct axioms that my current philosophy relies upon as well as the classic Is-Ought problem.

This is deeply troubling because I strongly think there are no moral justifications for the use of aggression to accomplish goals. Whether that aggression is performed by individuals against individuals in the name of individual reasons (everyday street crime) or collective (the state), I see nothing but evil in and net harm from such a system. This realization is stark indeed when you consider the tone I took with the post previous to this, William J. Bennett and Brian T. Kennedy Need Slaves.

In light of my understanding that I lack essential understanding on some issues, I'm going to seriously curtail the moral posturing I engage in on this blog and with others. I'm not about to add to the general amusement and dismissive attitude the statist-collectivist majority feels towards my side of this debate. I'd rather just keep my thoughts to myself and work on my understanding. My grasp on something so important as this should be grounded in something more firm than what I have now.

I don't want to say the right things for the wrong reasons. I see little value in asserting things I have no hard reason to consider true.

However, I wish to make clear that just because I cannot do this and the overwhelming majority of the humans on this planet disagree with me doesn't mean it cannot be done or that the concepts of objective morality are incoherent. I'm just a bad messenger when pressed on the issue.

If you'll excuse me, I will now get drunk and separate myself from this fucking problem for a few days.

March 24, 2005

William J. Bennett and Brian T. Kennedy Need Slaves

National Review: The Right to Life

But does Terri Schiavo have a natural right to life?

Yes. She is a human being. She has committed no crime and therefore she has forfeited not one of her natural rights. Our American faith teaches us that, "all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness." And the purpose of all American government is "to secure these rights," not destroy them.

What then is to be done?


From the flawed premise that every human has a natural right to life, we then proceed towards what Bill Bennett and Brian Kennedy want done:
The "auxiliary precautions" of Florida government — in this case the Florida supreme court — have failed Terri Schiavo. It is time, therefore, for Governor Bush to execute the law and protect her rights, and, in turn, he should take responsibility for his actions. Using the state police powers, Governor Bush can order the feeding tube reinserted. His defense will be that he and a majority of the Florida legislature believe the Florida Constitution requires nothing less. Some will argue that Governor Bush will be violating the law. We think he will not be violating the law, but if he is judged to have done so, it will be in the tradition of Martin Luther King, Jr., who answered to a higher law than a judge's opinion. In so doing, King showed respect for the man-made law by willingly going to jail (on a Good Friday); Governor Bush may have to face impeachment because of his decision.

Here we have an essential example of the Republican/conservative confusion regarding what rights are and how they are to be enforced. This is the corruption of "rights." By asserting Terri Schiavo has a right to live - that she cannot justly be denied access to this right - they then move on to find ways of restoring or securing her access to that right. Which, of course, is the forced provision of her means to life: food, water, and shelter.

How would the Florida Department of Law Enforcement (or whichever state police agency would be used) accomplish its ordered goal of reinserting Terri Schiavo's feeding tube? Using coerced funding (taxation) to pay for the wages of employees and equipment, the FDLE would request the feeding tube's reinsertion. Notice here what the two National Review authors conspicuously left out. If the owners of the hospice refuse, the FDLE would then order the owners and their employees to step aside so a government or government-hired physician or nurse could reinsert the tube. If the owners and employees refuse this, they'd be detained or arrested. If the employees and employees resist, they could be shot. And on, and on, and on.

This, I submit, is naked authoritarianism. This is the denial of the ability to enjoy one's life in the name of supporting that life.

By asserting a "right to life," Mr. Bennett and Mr. Kennedy have implicitly subjugated a far more fundamental and important right: the right to self-ownership and the right to one's property. They reject one's right to ownership as long as that owner refuses to use his or her property in order to nurse a "culture of life" or something similar. This is then, no fundamentally different from the environmentalist or welfare statist or unionist (i.e., collectivist) claim that it is our duty to help others live unfouled, healthy, materially fulfilling lives...even if it means doing it against our will and at our expense.

Figure this: can anyone else point out the absurdity of simultaneously asserting a "right to oil changes" or a "right to food" or a "right to underwear" while claiming to be proponents of freedom and liberty? All of the above, by their explicit meaning, demand corrective action if those "rights" are violated when individuals do not acquire their oil changes, food, or underwear. If they had none and none were donated, then the nature of rights theory demands forceful action be taken to provide justice to those "victims," which would mean stealing the right to property one person has and giving it to another.

The right to self-ownership avoids this potential and actual tyranny by not creating the problem of collective duty in the first place. Upholding this right would create just two issues to resolve: who is the legitimate owner of what resource and if the right to that resource was violated, what is the just response to the violation of that right? The fundamental right is what should always be protected and enforced, not something made up on the grounds of theology or emotional appeal. My right to self-ownership makes it a crime to kill me so there is no need to have a separate right to protect life.

The specific problem of how to delegate that right in the event of death or incapacitation is a personal, private matter. Given that human beings are fallible, there will be cases of dispute like this. It is not up to the state to decide who owns what in such cases because, as we see happening today, the state screws it all up my making all of its citizens partly involved.

I have little doubt Mr. Bennett and Mr. Kennedy would dispute a person's right to self-ownership. Why openly advocate slavery? But they are disputing a very important corollary to that right: the ownership of property external to the human body. In this case, it is Woodside Hospice's land and equipment. Furthermore, assuming Terri's husband, Michael, has a contract with the hospice to follow his instructions, these two want to violate the contract as well. Governor Bush and his police force do not have the right to tell them what to do. For the governor and Florida's law enforcement are not the rightful owners of that property.

And neither is Bill Bennett or anyone else who advocates the force of government to solve this problem. What they want are slaves to keep this woman alive.

The Reality of Refinery Work

The AP via ABCNews: 14 Dead, 1 Missing in Texas Refinery Blast

Wenceslado de la Cerda, a 50-year-old retired firefighter, said the blast shook the ground, rattled windows and knocked ceiling panels to the floor.

"Basically, it was one big boom," he said. "It's a shame that people have to get killed and hurt trying to make a dollar in these plants, but that's part of reality."


Conflicting responses to this quote. As always, more context would be nice.

On one hand, I recognize the inherent dangers of working in an industry that deals with flammable, explosive, and poisonous materials. This danger is greater when working within the compound where those materials are harvested, processed, and distributed. The very nature of the work means the unresolvable tendency for humans to screw up results in harsh consequences. Therefore, one way to spin the comment is to simply nod your head and agree. I don't think it's a "shame" that petrochemical employees chose to work risky jobs, but I do think it is a shame that once an accident (or irresponsibilty on the part of the business owner) occurs, people trying to make a living get injured and sometimes die. Diligence in the name of safety can stem this number, but it will never remain zero forever.

On the other hand, I tense up at another implication: "the brutal demands of the free market system driving people to work deadly jobs against their will." The crucial aspect of this is in the "people have to get killed and hurt trying to make a dollar" portion of the Mr. Cerda's statement. It speaks of an inevitability the economy imposes upon workers. This is not the same as what I mentioned above, where I acknowledge the fact that accidents happen and people suffer due to them. This is something different. This takes the first for granted and then posits the hapless, lower-class laborer as a tool forced into work because he wants to eat. Therefore, reality forces man to work and get killed.

I posted on a large explosion at a BASF facility in the Houson area back in 2002: Explosion at BASF Plant in Texas, Update on the BASF Explosion, Why isn't the Texas BASF Explosion Getting More Coverage?, BASF Freeport Explosion Update.

March 23, 2005

La-Z-Blog-O-Rama

Excerpts from posts that have interesting things to say or point out. Yep, I'm simultaneously busy and lazy. Yet, the blog must go on.

Via the Mises.org Blog:

  1. How taxpayer money is used
    A woman was fined for holding an apple while performing a maneuver in a car. Aside from the absurdity of this, it cost the government far more to prosecute her than what they obtained from the fine...
  2. D'Amico/Block Working Paper
    A Legal and Economic Analysis of Graffiti, by Daniel J. D'Amico and Walter Block (George Mason University and Loyola University New Orleans)

Via Reason's Hit & Run:
  1. Esoteric Fringe Group or Esoteric Joke?
    The strangest news to emerge from the school massacre in Minnesota is that Jeffrey Weise, the shooter, was allegedly affiliated with the Libertarian National Socialist Green Party.
  2. It Is Forbidden for You to Interfere in Human History
    Don Boudreaux reads a libertarian message into a deleted scene from Superman now available on the DVD. According to Marlon "Jor-El" Brando...

Via Samizdata:
  1. Your passport does not tell you who you are
    For many Americans who see the state as being the central and most important institution there is, the axis around which civil society orbits, the whole idea of 'dual nationality' is deeply disturbing.
  2. Families, freedom and unchosen obligations
    A few weeks ago parts of the libertarian intellectual scene marked what would have been Ayn Rand's 100th birthday. Among a number of articles reflecting on her life and novels was this surprisingly conservative article by Reason magazine regular Cathy Young.

Via Catallarchy:
  1. Money For Nothin’ And Your Picks For Free
    Like most Americans, I am currently breaking the law by participating in an NCAA tournament betting pool with friends and co-workers.
  2. Economics In Short Lessons: If You’re Paying, I’ll Have Top Sirloin
    Don Boudreaux today linked to an old but excellent WSJ article by Russell Roberts. The article is a simple, classic example of how “splitting the bill” is a disastrous way to pay for things...

Via The London Fog:
  1. Hey! Isn't that jumping the queue?
    London is raising private funds in an attempt to deal with the doctor shortage...
  2. Line up for your rations
    With all due respect to Patrick, I ask by what right and sanction are our elected representatives endowed with the ability to garnish our wages and spend our earnings on things not of our own choosing.

Via Two--Four:
  1. Look At How It's Drivin' Em Nuts
    You know... some days, you can't even take a piss in your own front yard before some goddamned fool comes along with a gang behind him to tell you what to do.
  2. Nikoley Points Out Stossel
    Rich Nikoley runs down the action after John Stossel recently stripped "art" naked and threw it out in the alley where it currently belongs.

Via The Agitator: shit, just keep reading. Radley Balko has been on a roll documenting the continuing, forced insertion of others into our lives.

Be back later.

March 21, 2005

Glenn Reynolds Comes Clean

Italicized emphasis is mine:

EUGENE VOLOKH has changed his mind on the advisability of painful punishments -- or at least on the ability of the legal system to mete them out fairly as opposed to their abstract fairness.

I think that's right. I feel somewhat that way about capital punishment. I'm utterly unpersuaded by the argument that there is something uniquely immoral about state-sanctioned killing. (At its core, the nation-state is all about killing; everything else is window-dressing). But I'm quite persuaded, as I've written before, by what Charles Black called "the inevitability of caprice and mistake" in the application of the death penalty.

UPDATE: Some readers wonder what I meant about the nation-state being all about killing. That seemed pretty obvious to me: We have nation-states because they're more effective at focusing violence against those who threaten their authority than other human organizations. That's why nation-states have pretty much taken over the game of doing things via violence. They don't have a monopoly, of course, but they owe their preeminence to their success in this regard, not to their other characteristics. As I say, this seems quite obvious to me.


And here I thought the Good Professor was a lost cause. He explicitly rejects the notion that the state is so common and widespread because it is good; the state is around because it deals out violence better than nearly everything else. The state is a tool to use against those with whom you disagree, dislike, or want stopped. Notice that he also, importantly, predicates this upon threats to their "authority" and not higher concepts of right and wrong.

If he can idenify this and do it so openly, there perhaps may be hope for him yet. Of course, I expect blank-out to occur once you confront him with the simple reality of everyday violence in the form of 99.99% of what the state does regularly, things that he has openly supported in the past.

March 18, 2005

The Long, Growing Arm of the Federal Government

I have disagreements with Andrew Sullivan, but I do agree with him here:

CONSERVATISM COME UNDONE: So it is now the federal government's role to micro-manage baseball and to prevent a single Florida woman who is trapped in a living hell from dying with dignity. We're getting to the point when conservatism has become a political philosophy that believes that government - at the most distant level - has the right to intervene in almost anything to achieve the right solution. Today's conservatism is becoming yesterday's liberalism.

Additional rhetoric from the Orlando Sentinal: Politicians rush to write laws to run your life
The problem is that legislators cannot pass a law that basically says: "Feed Terri Schiavo."

They tried that in 2003, and the courts tossed it out as blatantly unconstitutional.

To pass a bill that has any chance of being applied in Terri's case, the politicians have to come up with one that applies to all of us.

And so legislators are working on measures that could force family members to maintain a relative in a vegetative state if they could not produce some kind of directive from that relative stating wishes to the contrary. Another proposal has vague wording about an "interested party" being allowed to intervene.

This is a frightening intrusion into the most personal and gut-wrenching decisions a family can make.

[...]

Terri Schiavo is the Trojan horse religious conservatives are using to pass laws that would open the door wider for such intervention.

Copyright © 2005, Orlando Sentinel


Related thoughts from the Chicago Tribune: The steroids hearing should be out at first
It was said of one member of Congress that the most dangerous place in Washington was between him and a television camera. The same is true, though, of many of his colleagues, past and present. So anyone who values life and limb would not want to block the cameras' view of the House Government Reform Committee when it convenes a hearing today on Major League Baseball's steroid problem.

We're at war in Iraq, at war in Afghanistan, threatened by Al Qaeda, mired in budget deficits, faced with gargantuan liabilities in Social Security and Medicare, struggling to sustain the fighting capacity of our military forces--and what does this committee think warrants its urgent attention? Whether a handful of overpaid entertainers are taking forbidden pills to improve their performance.

The hearing rests on two well-worn premises that ought to offend the conservative sensibilities of Republicans, who control this committee and Congress. The first is that absolutely everything is a federal responsibility. The second is that the private sector needs incessant guidance from government.

Copyright © 2005, Chicago Tribune


My emphasis.

Have a wonderful weekend...hopefully free from the meddling bastards in Washington, D.C.

Arm the Girl Scouts

The AP via NewsChannel 5: Cookie Monster Steals From Girl Scouts

The leader of a Girl Scout troop in Columbus said the girls won't be selling cookies from a booth anymore after being robbed of $320.

Five girls from Troop 4180 had set up shop in the foyer of a Kroger store on Saturday. At about 2:30 p.m., they sold a box to a man who reached into their cash box and grabbed an envelope with the money in it and ran.

Copyright 2005 by The Associated Press. All rights reserved.

*giggle*

From a recent blog entry by "A View to Kill" on MySpace:

Wednesday, February 16, 2005
Goddam capitalism!
Current mood: angry

Damn you capitalism! All I want to do is go to school and study and get drunk and stoned, but no, now I gotta get a fucking job! And you know what? There aren't any jobs where I live! Fuck you very much!


[Yoda voice]
Mmm, yes, much promise with this one there is.
[/Yoda voice]

Repeal the Americans With Disabilities Act

Seattle Post-Intelligencer: Disabled-access lawsuits plague businesses

Gary Walker was horrified when legal documents arrived at his small restaurant notifying him that he was being sued for violating the Americans with Disabilities Act, the federal law that requires wheelchair ramps and other features for the disabled.

[...]

Around the country, business owners, judges and politicians are complaining that employers are being hit with a spray of "drive-by" ADA lawsuits that they say are little more than shakedown attempts by lawyers hoping for a quick cash settlement.

Those who are covered under the ADA say the lawsuits are necessary to get business owners to make their buildings more accessible. Among other things, the 1990 federal law requires ramps, parking stalls and signs, and dictates the height of countertops, the placement of toilet grab bars and the width of doors.


This is quite clearly the micromanagement of private property by the state in the name of special interests who enjoy significant emotional support by the general public. The latter, however, does not justify the former. If the Republicans in Congress and President Bush had half of the vile capitalist backbone they are accused so often to have, this is a law they'd be targeting for repeal.
James Lawson of Stillwater, Okla., who has multiple sclerosis and uses a wheelchair, said such lawsuits are needed. He said he has filed 26 of them after talking to business owners and complaining to the Justice Department without results.

"Even though I'm in a wheelchair full time I still want to be independent and enjoy life to the best of my ability," he said. Lawson said he found his lawyer through an advocacy group for the disabled, and insisted: "I am in no way being used as a pawn by the law firm. I in no way profit from this. I'm an honorable person."

©1996-2005 Seattle Post-Intelligencer


Bullshit.

An honorable person does not bring violence against people who do not agree with him or don't want to do what he wants. An honorable person would understand that one does not have a right to enter a business facility without difficulty. An honorable person does not use a third party to scare others into following his demands.

Mr. Lawson, you are not an honorable person by way of your demand that other individuals sacrifice to ease the problems created by your disabilities.

The Sins of Socialization

Los Angeles Daily News: Roads are poorer after pouring rain

"The reality is, historically since 1910 we've never seen the right level of funding," said Nazario Sauceda, assistant director of the city's Bureau of Street Services. "We're paying for the sins of our parents."

Copyright © 2005 Los Angeles Daily News


If he only knew the fantastic irony of saying this...

March 17, 2005

Max Sawicky Needs Slaves

The Wall Street Journal has a new Econoblog post up, titled Federal Tax Code Draws Criticism From Citizens, Experts, Economists. The participants were Max Sawicky and
Tyler Cowen. I won't post what was written, but I will copy the comment I left behind on the forum discussion board:

A few observations:

  1. Mr. Sawicky says "the less I am compelled to work, the better I like it" and at the same time endorses not only the widespread compulsion already in place, but advocates even greater levels of compulsion for the future. Since the state threatens to throw me in jail if I don't pay taxes, I am coerced into handing them over. Therefore, in order to maintain the standard of living I want, I am essentially compelled to work more/harder/elsewhere to overcome the difference lost in taxes.
  2. It is anyone's guess why he'd lie and say "there are no individuals, there is only society." This may have been written in jest, but the facts are right there in front of him. He exists independently of me and I exist independently of him. He acknowledges this explicitly just six words later when he talks about individual initiative.
  3. While your starting position in life is not something you have power over, the moment you reach the age of reason and maturity, your life is your reponsibility. What I legitimately accumulate on my own after that point is either what I've earned and I find it deeply insulting Mr. Sawicky repeatedly dissmisses choices as "endowments" and "pure luck" outside our abilities to grasp. Is all of life luck?
  4. Under a voluntary system, both parties benefit from the exchange. If they did not, the party who believed he was getting screwed would not do business. That some parties are unwilling or ignorant of the details of their exchange does not by any means necessitate the intervention of the state and the consequent reduction in freedom for others. The morality of market outcomes is easy to identify: choices made in it are not forced, compelled, coerced, or mandated against the will of the chooser.
  5. Mr. Cowen would have an easier time if he confronted Mr. Sawicky on his egalitarian insistence that everyone ought to be covered by not primary services (defense) but secondary (insurance). Being a slave to another person for their needs is something I thought we agreed in principle to stop doing once we abolished it with the 13th Amendment. Charles Hueter Austin, TX
An additional boot on the face of humanity is the title of his own blog's post making note of the debate: SOCIAL INSURANCE OR BARBARISM.

I view the two as irrevocably linked. The latter is required to provide the former. Despite Mr. Sawicky's attempt to grin away his choice of words under the guise of it merely being an "unfair and unbalanced summary," it still reveals much about his preferences: a system is barbaric if it doesn't force some to provide for others.

Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.

March 16, 2005

A Friend Passes


Thomas Quentin Cat, 1990-2005

You were the most quiet out of the kittens in that Hawaii animal shelter, Tom. It was only when I approached and stuck my fingers in your cage that you began to call out. You annoyed the hell out of me for those first few nights, climbing on my chest to nap for a minute, then playing with my nose, poking around under the covers. It was you who gave me the first headbutt which I playfully returned, giving birth to our tradition of me leaning down to let you bump your forehead against mine every time we met.

You took out the evil geckos in our house with ease. You never ran off when we let you outside. You always hopped in someone's lap when they sat down in the living room. You accepted Sherbert into the family with grace and managed to put up with that damn dog, Trooper, in the later years of your life. Everyone in my family remembers you fondly, even if they had allergies that kept them at a distance.

You were my oldest and most reliable friend and it hurt me to see you waste away to nearly nothing as you slowed down and as your whiskers grew wiry.

I wish I could have been there with you yesterday. It would have been proper for the boy who picked you out of that screaming hell to be around for your final moments on earth.

None will be able to replace you.

Goodbye.

March 14, 2005

The Living Wage Entitlement

If the wages paid to a person who works full time are insufficient to meet the ordinary expenses of living, American capitalism has failed us. I would rather think that any working person could earn not only enough to pay rent and feed a small family, but also enough to buy a home, meet medical needs and afford college educations.

-Tony Weller in the Salt Lake Tribune letters section

I'm going to take Mr. Weller at his word and assume he honestly means "any working person" is as clear a concept as it sounds.

My house has a front yard, two strips of land that lead to the rear of the house, and a backyard that need yard work. The total yard in question when lumped into a square would measure less than seventy feet on a side. Given my experience with lawn maintenance, I'd expect my lawn to need some level of attention once a week. Some weeks would need more work than others given varying levels of rainfall, sunlight, and other factors. Given the small size of the lawn, costs for lawn care consumables (fuel, blades, etc.) would be very modest.

Aside from the effort required to get the lawn up to standards from its current state, the amount of labor to maintain it would be minor. My roommate was able to obliterate widespread overgrowth (some areas up to thigh height) with a weed-eater in less than 30 minutes. Once the rocks, branches, and leaves are clear, the optimal cutting paths would be easy to determine and follow.

So, in recognition of this, I decide the monetary value I place on having a nice yard and not doing the work to keep it that way is $25 a week. I am willing to pay up to $25 to someone to keep my lawn trimmed and clipped. I figure the exertion to do so is not significant and the work is easy. I don't mind doing it but I have better things to do with my time. However, anything more than $25 represents a cost barrier I'm not willing to cross in normal circumstances.

My neighbor has offered to mow my yard regularly for a fee. If he accepts to be paid $25 a week for the use of his labor and tools and he worked on the yard enough such that I decided he worked enough to earn him his weekly pay, he'd generate an income of $1,300 a year from me. Since I'm a nice guy who hates the government, I wouldn't "report" him to the IRS or any other parasitic agency that'll threaten him with fines and jail time for not handing over their cut of his work. He therefore earns, in a free market capitalist economy, $1,300 in addition to whatever else he does.

The man has no family living with him, but if he did, it becomes immediately clear that the salary I pay him is a tiny part of what he'd need to earn in order to provide a safe, healthy life in a modern American city. Federal poverty guidelines for 2003 state that a family of three lives in poverty when their combined income is at or below $15,260. I make just under $30,000 a year and I cope with cash shortages regularly. A family of three attempting to live on half that seems almost impossible.

I don't know what else my neighbor does to earn an income, nor do I ask him. He accepts the work at the price I proposed and doesn't ask for his wage to be increased.

According to people like Mr. Weller, I ought to pay my neighbor more. A lot more. In fact, I'd have to increase my labor costs many times over. I'll use $25,000 a year as a baseline, for I'm familiar with surviving in Austin at that level of income. I'd therefore have to pay my neighbor just over $480 a week to cut my lawn.

There is no way in hell I'd pay anyone $480 a week to cut my lawn. At that price, we've long gone past lawn service. At that price, I wouldn't be able to afford to pay my home loan or my bills. At that price, I wouldn't hire him to do the job. I have a suspicion a great many people would think the same way.

This would result in two things. He and I could just ignore it and continue on with our business relationship. We're both happy with the arrangement and see no reason to change it. The other option is more sinister: one of us could be forced to change our ways.

He could come to me with a gun in his hand, demanding I give him the higher pay. Most people would rightly judge him to be a menacing extortionist who is clearly in the wrong. On the other hand, I might be forced to pay him the higher amount. Unfortunately, since the gun at my back isn't his, most people don't see the same immorality in this situation. In fact, they see a wrong righted, the deserving getting their deserved, a token of economic justice. In the eyes of the living wage camp, they see a righteous act.

Rather than go broke paying for that lawn care service, I decide to do it myself. The value I place on such a service is far below $480 a week. In the mind of the employee, even though he may enjoy the hell out of that coerced deal, he'd know I'd be getting royally screwed. It's the same boast anyone makes when they explain that they think they're paid more than their labor's worth. Those with functioning minds can see some of the consequences of such a policy. For example, "handyman" jobs would vanish or go underground.

Objections that that kind of work wouldn't be subject to the policy are referred to the simple declaration quoted at the top of this page. Introducing exemptions to this fatally weakens the assumption that labor should result in a living, whether it be for a McDonald's or for General Motors.

I oppose both the living wage and the minimum wage. They are attempts to force a higher valuation beyond the willingness of market participants to exchange. The folks who think everyone who works should be able to afford anything beyond what that labor is worth to the employer support the coerced transfer of wealth from one person to another when under other circumstances such a transfer would be denounced as a crime.

I view the quoted statement as a clear example of a free-floating assertion with no coherent basis. Readers are welcome to persuade me otherwise.

Clarifying Torture

Jim Henley identifies an essential point that is regularly forgotten and ignored in nearly all the debate about torture.

March 11, 2005

I'm Not Signing That Letter

[Updates below.]

Which one? This one:

March 11, 2005

The Honorable Scott E. Thomas
Chairman
Federal Election Commission
999 E Street, NW
Washington, DC 20463

Re: Upcoming FEC Notice of Proposed Rulemaking governing political activity on the internet

Dear Chairman Thomas,

We are concerned about the potential impact that Judge Colleen Kollar-Kotelly’s decision in the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia in Shays v. FEC, 337 F. Supp. 2d 28 (D.D.C. 2004) and the FEC’s upcoming rulemaking process may have on political communication on the Internet.

One area of great concern is the potential regulation of bloggers and other online journalists who distribute political news and commentary exclusively over the web. While paid political advertising on the Internet should remain subject to FEC rules and regulations, curtailing blogs and other online publications will dampen the impact of new voices in the political process and will do a disservice to the millions of voters who rely on the web for original, insightful political commentary.

Under the current rules, “any news story, commentary, or editorial distributed through the facilities of any broadcasting station, newspaper, magazine, or other periodical publication,” is exempt from reporting and coordination requirements. It is not clear, however, that the FEC’s “media exemption” provides sufficient protection for those of us in the online journalism community.

As bipartisan members of the online journalism, blogging, and advertising community, we ask that you grant blogs and online publications the same consideration and protection as broadcast media, newspapers, or periodicals by clearly including them under the Federal Election Commission’s “media exemption” rule.

In order to ensure that there are sufficient measures taken, we also request that the FEC promulgate a rule exempting unpaid political activity on the Internet from regulation, thereby guaranteeing every American’s right to speak freely and participate in our democratic process.

Finally, we ask that you clarify the rules and definitions related to “coordinated activity” to protect bloggers and journalists from running afoul of Commission rules regarding the republication of campaign materials.

The Internet is a fundamental tool in the American political process. Just this week, we learned that 75 million Americans used the Internet to gather news, read commentary, discuss issues, register to vote, and generally join in the democratic process during the last election cycle. We believe the Internet is the primary driving force behind increased participation among traditionally under-represented groups of voters, and we applaud the Federal Election Committee for crafting rules that have allowed the Internet to flourish as a political communications medium.

Like the town hall meeting, online political activism is a vital part of American civic life. We encourage the FEC to provide bloggers, online journalists, and everyday cyber-citizens with the same freedoms that individuals and traditional journalists are free to exercise elsewhere. The Bipartisan Campaign Finance Reform Act of 2002 was intended to prevent unlimited soft money contributions and regulate electioneering advertising, not to stifle free speech or grassroots activities on the Internet that serve the common good.

Respectfully,


The bolded sections explain why. The items below ought to make that clear.
  1. Calling someone "Honorable" may be the Beltway-approved, polite way of doing it, but I refuse to. Any man who presumes to rule over my activities when I have not harmed him is overstepping his bounds. As such, that man deserves no honor.
  2. I don't want the FEC to regulate advertising of any kind, on any medium, for any reason.
  3. Treating one group of speakers differently from another is merely a form of selectful authoritarianism. What the hell makes "broadcast media, newspapers, or periodicals" unique in this matter? They are businesses of speaking individuals, and thus no fundamentally different from the rest of us "non-media" folk.
  4. You, I, we already have the Right to speak freely and participate in politics. Asking a government agency to "guarantee" that the government won't violate that Right is absurd. You guarantee your own rights through their use and by responding to their violation.
  5. Just flush the rules away. Clarification just entrenches you to the process and sanctions the blood it draws.
  6. I applaud no entity that uses government power to make people toe the line drawn in the sand by the political winds.
  7. Asking a government agency to "provide...freedoms" is as naive as it is laughable.
  8. Who's money is it that's given to political campaigns? If it isn't yours, you don't have a fucking say in how it's used. So this one is out, too.
  9. What I do here primarily serves my good. While I may use this blog as a means of changing minds, I do it for my own reasons to satisfy myself. I don't serve a common good.
  10. Finally, the entire concept of asking, requesting, pleading, or begging for the understanding, leniency, blessing, or mercy of a bureaucrat before he set in motion processes that are designed to negate my independence and reason makes me nauseous. To Hell with that.

UPDATED 5:00pm
Billy Beck: "I will simply break their law."

I expected nothing less.

Eat It, Judge Moore

Ayn Rand Institute Op-Ed: The Ten Commandments vs. America

In sum, the first set of commandments orders you to bow, fawn, grovel and obey. This is impossible to reconcile with the American concept of a self-reliant, self-owning individual.

Harry Binswanger has more to say about this nonsense that "the Ten Commandments supplied the moral grounding for the establishment of America."

March 10, 2005

Giuliana Sgrena and a Real Rain of Bullets

Regarding the controversy surrounding the Giuliana Sgrena shooting, I figured I'd add some context of my own, courtesy of my father's central Texas law enforcement connections and a shooting in Schertz:

Herald-Zeitung: Officers find weapons, bunker in search

Officers who searched the home of a suspect in the attempted killing of a Schertz police officer found weapons, military equipment and a secret bunker Tuesday.

The search came a day after a Brooke Army Medical Center spokesman said Michael Patrick Kennedy, 48, had been released after being treated for three gunshot wounds suffered in a shootout Thursday night with Schertz patrol officer Richard Kunz.

[...]

Kunz pulled Kennedy over near the northbound rest area south of New Braunfels at 11:38 p.m. Thursday and was confronted with a weapon as he approached the vehicle.

The officer, faced with a fusillade of more than 30 shots from an AK-47 assault rifle and a 9mm automatic pistol, emptied his Glock service weapon in response. He was uninjured.

© 2005 The Herald-Zeitung. All rights reserved.


Here's a photo of the car in question.


This picture shows a wider frontal view. This picture shows a closeup of the winshield. And this picture highlights the direction of the bullets when they entered.

Compare this to the photos of the alleged car in the Sgrena shooting, where it was alleged that hundreds of rounds were fired at her.

The AK-47 typically fires a 7.62mm (.30 caliber) bullet. The round I assume the US forces shot at Ms. Sgrena is the 5.56mm (.223 caliber) NATO. Both are fired at high velocity (significantly faster than semiautomatic handgun cartridges) but the energy transferred to the target is different because the two bullets don't weigh the same. The lighter-grain 5.56 round will likely travel faster while the heavier 7.62 will go slower. I don't know what the two rounds (and the varieties among them are vast, mind you) will do in regards to visible damage, but I'd expect roughly similar results.

Personally, I've no horse in the political aspect of this issue. I got the pictures in my inbox (and there are more - these just happened to be the most illustrative) and decided to offer my three cents.

I Declare Fraud!

[Updates below.]

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Gawddamn it, when someone advertises "Senator gonads" in the subject line of a message for some unit amount, I damn well better get a legitimate offer in the body of the e-mail!

UPDATED 7/23/2008 11:05am
More spammy-ness here.

March 09, 2005

A Conceptual Analysis of Public Goods - The Case of Nationalized Defense

This is the final paper I submitted for my Public Finance class. I'll post the other two, shorter articles later. Please keep in mind two things:

  • I wrote this the day it was due, so there are problems regarding theoretical flow and completeness. This could have been written better.
  • I'm dancing around the real issue here, which is whether to impose a government at all. Since this is a public finance class, the entire enterprise starts off in mid-air from my perspective.

I presented this after the other three students gave their oral overviews. Theirs were all on "hard finance" topics such as Social Security privatization, the workings of the budget the President proposed this year, and the idea of a national sales tax replacing the federal income tax. As you'll see, my paper took a deeper approach. After I was done speaking, the class was eerily silent and it took a minute or two for the questions to formulate in their minds. Interestingly, none of them rejected my conclusion outright, though, as I expected, one of them did raise the issue of "local mafias" running around and "what about the law? who'd create and enforce it?"

My professor expressed sincere interest in my work and despite the rather deep extent of his statism, looked forward to reading it.

In that sense: Mission Accomplished.

The other collegiate material I've written: The Theoretical Impact of School Consolidation on the Role of Superintendents, The Pros and Cons of a Minimum Wage, For the Privatization of Education, and the rough draft of the latter, The Pros and Cons of Education Privatization.

Full text below.

Charles Hueter
Professor Parsells
Public Finance
March 7, 2005

A CONCEPTUAL ANALYSIS OF PUBLIC GOODS: THE CASE OF NATIONALIZED DEFENSE


The concept of the public good is one of the most widely-accepted economic concepts in contemporary economics. Nearly fifty years after Paul Samuelson's "The Pure Theory of Public Expenditure" (Samuelson 1954), it has provided a way to categorize the goods and services humanity wants, produces, and consumes in two fundamental areas: the private and the public. An enduring example of the latter is national defense. However, I have never been quite convinced by that particular application of the concept and in this paper I will attempt to explain why I think it deserves modification.

The Concept of Public Goods

What is a public good and what differentiates it from a private good? There are two primary factors to consider in making this distinction; the first is called nonexclusion. This means that, for a public good, it is either impossible or infeasible to exclude people from consuming that good if they do not wish to pay for it because consumption of that good can be accomplished without paying. A classic example is national defense: "[a]ll citizens are under the umbrella of deterrence; if national defense is provided for one, it is provided for all" (Champney 988). How can the federal government exclude citizens from its protection who have avoided paying their taxes when it protects all within its borders? "The critical feature of a nonexclusive public good is the inability of a private provider to capture all of the benefits from its provision" (Speir 399). It would be prohibitively costly to do so, especially in a time of war where the bullets are flying and people are rushing to escape the carnage and every city becomes a potential battleground. Individuals can free-ride off the services provided to others because it becomes difficult to price individual units of that good.

The second consideration is whether a good's consumption is rivalrous or not. This factors in costs as well, but for consumers rather than producers: "each individual's consumption of such a good leads to no subtraction from any other individual's consumption of that good" (Samuelson 387). If I can consume a good without negatively affecting the consumption of someone else consuming the same good, then the good is said to be nonrivalous. National defense is again given as an example of this because as the population of the United States increases, "the additional population can be defended without any reduction in benefits to the existing population" (Hyman 66). Consumption of public goods that exhibits nonrival behavior therefore has benefits that must be shared rather than individually purchased.

Thus, we come to the final assertions common to nearly all economic discussions of public goods and defense services. "National defense is ... the quintessential federal service, a vital function that cannot reasonably be provided by the market" (Lewis 60). "[I]t is inconceivable to imagine defense services being packaged into neat bundles that can be sold over the counter to eager buyers" (Hyman 134). "[F]or developed nations ... the usual hypothesis that defense is a pure public good cannot be rejected" (Gonzalez and Mehay 284). As is thought in the economic mainstream, national defense quite aptly embodies both nonrivalry and nonexcludability. Therefore, it ought to be produced and provided by the state.

Private goods, on the other hand, are just the opposite. A private business can easily exclude people from consuming its goods by way of requiring a price to be paid before the good is delivered. A private business can produce a good that is rivalous in consumption because most consumer goods like cars, food, and houses exist in given quantities and the sale of one must result in the decline of that quantity at that time. Of course, some goods do not squarely fall in one camp and it could be postulated that a continuum exists between "pure" public goods and "pure" private goods (Hyman 136-138). I also note there is considerable theoretical evidence that the concept of a public/private good is coherent at all (Hoppe 28-34), but I will leave that stone unturned for this purposes of this discussion.

The Concept of Defense

Before I continue, it would be helpful to explain the nature of defense services first and differentiate among their manifestations.

Humans have physical bodies and possessions and given that they value these objects, they will want them protected from violence and unwelcome transportation. The extent of a farmer's livelihood greatly depends on the tools he uses. The ability of a trumpet player to play jazz depends on his bodily capability to play the instrument. For the aggregate economy of a city to grow, human labor and the factors of production it employs must not be under constant threat of robbery or destruction. It is only natural people want protection from those willing to steal, alter, maim, or destroy.

Threats to property come in several forms. A drug addict may wish to grab the purse from a woman shopping in an outdoor market to pay for that next high. A fired employee might become enraged and might return to work a few days later, intending to kill everyone in the human resources department. A government that fears a catastrophic economic collapse if its supply of energy resources dwindles to nothing, might choose to invade a neighboring country to seize its oil fields. These are very real threats from which people want protection and they vary in simplicity as well as likelihood. Threats are part of the uncertainty of life. Thus, just as there is a demand for chocolate, there is a demand for defense services.

There are countless ways a defense service might be manifested. I could buy a handgun and keep it under my bed in case I am roused from sleep by the sounds of my living room windows breaking and careful footsteps. The inhabitants of a neighborhood might agree to keep an eye out for suspicious behavior that would concern the owner of the property at which the behavior is aimed. Or, a group of associates, noting their prowess in physical detention and criminal pattern recognition, could decide to offer property protection for a fee.

It should be clear that in these cases defense services can be exclusive. I do not set out to defend a community with my single handgun for free. If a family in the watchful neighborhood doesn't want to participate, the watchers don't have to pay attention to that family's property. Obviously, by charging a price, the private defense agency (PDA) excludes people. Furthermore, "there is no guarantee that the free-rider incentive is the only incentive with which individuals are faced in regard to public goods" (Fielding 298).

Defense services can be rivalous. I cannot personally defend everything I own all the time; my opportunity costs become too great and my other desires will eventually intercede. Similarly, the neighbors cannot stand eternal guard. The scarce resource in these scenarios is one's time and our desire for protection competes with our other desires. In addition, by "consuming" our defense in such a manner, we remove ourselves from the lives of others by, at most, an equal amount. Thus, in a sense, we become the rivalous good under demand because we are the ones providing the defense service.

The PDA can overcome the opportunity cost problem with solutions such as hired 24 hour video surveillance. However, a bank will desire defense services of a structure and form that a fisherman might not want to employ to temporarily protect his boat while away at lunch. Therefore, private defense services will diversify and complete to capture the varied demands of the market, resulting in rivalous consumption because the good offered only exists in a certain quantity at a certain time.

Nationalized Defense as a Public Good

I think it can be easily shown that, at the very least, some defense services constitute goods more private than public. Of course, the specific subject here is not just defense but national defense intended to deter and throw back invaders. The scope of such a defense service is not limited to one person, a neighborhood, or the people who buy private defense services, but expanded to the whole of a country. This is the defense of militaries against government armies and militaristic groups like guerilla forces.

Could such a system emerge from the above examples, and thus retain the characteristics of economic rivalry and exclusion and remain private goods? Given the severe market limitations of the first two (pure altruism scaling to that magnitude is extraordinarily unlikely), the third deserves consideration. Could a PDA grow to the point where it covers the defense services voluntarily requested of every citizen of the US? This implies monopoly, and thus suffers from the single greatest threat to such a market position: freedom, both of entry into that market and to choose with whom one associates. While it is possible one PDA could provide diverse and superior defense service for many years, the demands of consumers will always outpace its ability to innovate and provide. Humans make mistakes and it is impossible for a company to always satisfy everyone with which it contracts. In addition, why would a PDA continue to sell coverage to a consumer who took little or no precautions with his belongings and left his property to great risk after repeated crimes against it? I doubt one PDA could become the de facto provider of national defense. It might be a market leader, but not one that exercises monopoly power.

I submit that the only feasible scenario where all American citizens live under the protection of a single defense service provider would be a system where coercion takes place. Either the provider is compelled to extend service to those it normally would not cover (such as those who won't pay for coverage) or the consumer is compelled to accept coverage she would normally not purchase. This is the current state of affairs in regards to the United States military. Americans are compelled to pay taxes and a significant portion of those taxes goes towards the Department of Defense. Under threat of imprisonment for disobeying orders, the members of the military must defend all Americans should the political process demand it.

Ignoring the harm and difficulties created by state-monopolized national defense (Hoppe 35-38), does the nationalized defense we currently enjoy constitute a public good? It satisfies the requirement of nonexclusion. Even if I renounce all taxation and live alone, the United States military will protect me. If I have visiting relatives from another country and the US is attacked, they will be provided with defense services. In reality, anyone living in the country that is not explicitly identified with the enemy will tend to have the benefit of the doubt. Even a declared, open enemy of the country will still receive protection from accidental death if his forces accidentally attack the city block he resides in and the defensive American forces repel them. In practice, just about every human being in the United States has benefited and still benefits from the deterrent effect of the American nuclear arsenal.

It is slightly more complicated in the matter of nonrivalous consumption. In many instances, the defense of an additional person does not adversely affect the defense of others. Should the province of Saskatchewan secede from the rest of Canada and attempt to occupy Montana, Americans in Hawaii, Florida, and Nevada shouldn't fear for their provision of defense services. Some conflicts don't require large mobilizations of troops and equipment. However, some do. An example currently in the headlines is the US occupation of Iraq. There are well-founded concerns that the hefty deployment of military resources leaves other Department of Defense and National Guard responsibilities without adequate manpower (Squitieri). Only so many uses of the American armed forces can be engaged before problems emerge, so there are limits to the consumption of the US military. These limits, if surpassed, threaten the provision of defense of other Americans. Therefore, it could be rightfully claimed that nationalized defense is a congestible public good, very much like the congestion of a public road at peak driving times. This knocks even the most public version of defense down from the position of a "pure" public good.

Conclusion

"Nonrivalness and nonexcludability define public goods" (Zax and Ichinowski 294). However, defense services are not necessarily public goods because they can exhibit both exclusionary and rivalry behavior when consumed and produced without compulsion. Since the government has compelled both the provision and acceptance of one form of defense service, it in effect makes that defense service demonstrate nonrival and nonexclusive behavior when consumed and produced. The state therefore creates the externalities it set out to correct.

Works Cited

Champey, Leonard. "Public Goods and Policy Types." Public Administration Review (1988): 988-994.

Fielding, Karl T. "Nonexcludability and Government Financing of Public Goods." Journal of Libertarian Studies 3.3 (1979): 293-298.

Gonzalez, Rodolfo A. and Stephen L. Mehay. "Publicness, Scale, and Spillover Effects in Defense Spending." Public Finance Quarterly. 18.3 (1990): 273-291.

Hoppe, Hans-Hermann. "Fallacies of the Public Goods Theory and the Production of Security." Journal of Libertarian Studies 9.1 (1989): 27-46.

Hyman, David N. Public Finance: A Contemporary Application of Theory to Policy. Orlando: Harcourt, 2002.

Lewis, Gregory B. "Guns, Butter, and Federal Careers: Growth, Decline, and Personnel in Defense and Domestic Agencies." Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory. 7.1 (1997): 59-85.

Samuelson, Paul. "A Pure Theory of Public Expenditure." Review of Economics and Statistics. 36 (1954): 387-389.

Speir, John P. "The implications of different liability rules for the provision of a risky public good." Public Finance Quarterly. 23.3 (1995): 399-417.

Squitieri, Tom. "General Says New War Could Strain Military." USA Today 16 Feb. 2005. 7 Mar. 2005. .

Zax, Jeffery S. and Casey Ichinowski. "Excludability and the Effects of Free Riders: Right-to-Work Laws and Local Public Sector Unionization." Public Finance Quarterly 19.3 (1991): 316.


Comments, criticism, and congradulations are all welcome.

March 07, 2005

A Unified Theory of Rupert Murdock and Fox

I've always found it glaringly odd that what is transmitted from FOX NEWS CHANNEL can often be so much at odds with what is transmitted from the general Fox television programming network. I'm fully aware that both are nominally different entities in the sense they are different operating units. But it still gets me every time a social conservative or some nanny-state "fix society's culture" liberal get on there.

Because, while they are railling against open sexuality and consumerist mentalities, any number of shows deeply offensive to them are on the air:

  1. The Bernie Mac Show (consumerism)
  2. Cops (violence)
  3. Family Guy (just about everything)
  4. Quintuplets (shallow sexuality, crass)
  5. That '70's Show (drugs, overt sexuality)
  6. The Simpsons (just less than Family Guy)
  7. Method & Red (drugs, rampant consumerism)
  8. Totally Outrageous Behavior Caught on Tape (self-explanatory)
  9. The World's Craziest Videos (ditto)
  10. And all the various gimmick reality TV shows with gorgeous women, envelope-pushing relationship thems, etc.

But all along, I should have recognized what was happening in front of my nose.

TV trash sells.

So, since social trash sells, why shouldn't political trash?

It's all about the profits, isn't it Mr. Murdock?

*laughs at the obviousness of it all*

NOTE: I like Family Guy, The Simpsons, and That '70s Show. Just using them for reference!

March 05, 2005

The Canadian Mountie Killings

[Updates below.]

The AP via ABCNews: Canadians Stunned Over Mounties Killings

The slayings of four Canadian police officer have stunned a nation that prides itself on far fewer acts of gun violence than its neighbor to the south.

One can already detect the direction of this article by Beth Duff-Brown. More on that later.

I logged in to Yahoo just a few minutes ago and this is the first I heard of the shootings. What a nightmare.

A bagpiper played "Amazing Grace" and flags flew at half-staff Friday as Canadians grappled with the deadliest attack on police officers in 120 years. The four Mounties were slain during a raid on a marijuana farm in a rural western hamlet on Thursday.

Of course, more details are to come, but the very next reaction after feeling sympathy for the families of the killed is well, since growing marijuana is a victimless crime, the Mounties shouldn't have been there in the first place.
"Canadians are shocked by this brutality and join me in condemning the violent acts that brought about these deaths," Prime Minister Paul Martin said.

I condemn the acts of people who aggress against non-aggressors. People who initiate violence deserve no sympathy for they made the choice to do so. However, if violence is committed in self-defense or in defense of one's property, I not only reject condemning it, I endorse it.

That is the crucial distinction here: self-defense and aggression. Protesting all violence opens you to the dangers of grossly negligent self-annihilation; if you are morally prohibited from repelling attackers with force, you place your life in the hands of any random stranger to do with as they wish.

"The loss of four police officers is unprecedented in recent history," said Bill Sweeney, commanding officer of the Mounties in Alberta. "I'm told you have to go back to about 1885 … during the Northwest Rebellion to have a loss of this magnitude."

The Northwest Rebellion was an unsuccessful attempt by indigenous rebels to establish an independent nation in the northwestern frontier.


This is also subject to what I explained above. If those rebels were attempting to peacefully secede from the government and exit it's social order and the Mounties were killed while attempting to force them to remain citizens, then the rebels were acting in legitimate self-defense and were, in the words of Kim du Toit, righteous shootings.
The four Royal Canadian Mounted Police officers had been investigating a farm in Mayerthorpe, a small hamlet of some 1,300 people in western Alberta province.

Spokesman Cpl. Wayne Oakes said the four Mounties and the suspected gunman were found in a Quonset hut on the farm late Thursday. A government source told The Canadian Press the suspect killed himself after shooting the officers.

[...]

The suspect was identified by police as 46-year-old James Roszko. Authorities said he had a long criminal record, including the use of illegal firearms and sexual assault.

Oakes said the Mounties were investigating reports of stolen property and marijuana on Roszko's property.


Some details emerge but a complete picture is not obtained. This particular article changes into another mode at this point, so I'll return to it later. From the Reuters Alertdesk we get this: Details emerge about killer of Canadian Mounties
Families and police planned the funerals Saturday for four Canadian Mounties murdered in a raid on a marijuana operation, as more details emerged about the suspect, a man notorious in the area as a police-hater who stockpiled weapons.

In one of the bloodiest incidents in the history of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, officers were investigating stolen vehicles and an illicit marijuana growing operation near the town of Mayerthorpe, Alberta, Thursday when they were gunned down inside a large metal shed.

The shooting has sparked debate over the government's plans to decriminalize marijuana possession, but town residents and criminologists say they do not believe the suspect, James Roszko, 46, opened fire to protect a pot crop.

[...]

"Jim has been developing more and more hate and anger against the police," said his father William Roszko, 80. He said his son "probably is in Hell already."

Family and neighbors described his short temper, angry encounters with police and bailiffs and his firearms cache.

Police said the young Mounties were armed with handguns and wore light body armor when the entered the shed. They were shot with what was described as a "rapid-fire, high-powered rifle."

"The RCMP were out-powered...," George Roszko, James' older brother, told the Edmonton Journal newspaper. "This is not your average hunting rifle-style kind of situation. There were numerous searches there, they tried to find his automatic weapons numerous times. But he's not stupid."

Even Roszko's lawyer was quoted as saying he was frightened at times by the repeat-offender, who was also convicted of sexually assaulting a teenage boy in 2000.

Residents of Mayerthorpe, a town of 1,600 people about 90 miles (140 km) northwest of Edmonton, described how the farm was equipped with heavy gates, booby traps and security cameras.

"Everybody knew he was nuts," said Tanya Madigan, a gas station clerk, whose boyfriend owns a nearby property.

© Reuters Foundation 2002. All rights reserved.


The sounds you hear are the sounds The Chorus makes as it takes the first breath of it's upcoming lyric, before the words are released with unanimous affirmation: The man was a crazy drug-dealing anti-government type; a paranoid sexual deviant; a thief with a bad attitude who was greedy and owned machine guns and whose very father hated him.

From this, which will rapidly become the Conventional Wisdom, people shall conclude James Roszko posed a severe danger to everyone around him and therefore had little right (if at all) to continue living as he did. I know nothing about the sexual assault charge, which, if true and actually constituted assault, would make him a rights-violator. However, the fact that he engaged in activities that the state deemed illegal doesn't necessarily make them morally criminal; nor does the fact that he engaged in activities that some or even many people disapprove of and fear automatically make him a evil person. How many guns is it OK to have before you are considered a monster? At what point does it make you insane when you attempt to set up defenses for your property?

Assuming Reuters didn't miss other things on his rap sheet, it can be said that Mr. Roszko placed a very high value on his property and decided it was worth investing considerable time and resources to defend. Given that the Canadian government repeatedly attempted to confiscate and control his property against his will, he had legitimate concerns.

Back to the Associated Press article:

"This is something that happens in Hollywood, but it never happens here," Albert Schalm, the town's mayor, told CBC TV. "I think it will change the community. It will just make everybody more aware that there are drug problems, even out here in rural Canada."

The awareness raised will, unfortunately, not be directed towards the source of the conflict here: between one man growing plants and the government attempting to stop him. Why do people produce drugs? Because there is a demand for them. Since the supply for that demand is artificially restricted by the state, prices for those drugs are high. Thus, ordinary people can become quite wealthy if they do business in this prohibition-created black market. The government created the crime and incentivized certain levels of risk-takers to engage in it.
As documentary filmmaker Michael Moore pointed out in "Bowling for Columbine," there are few reasons to lock your doors across this vast nation.

There were 152 homicides by firearms in Canada in 2002, according to federal statistics, compared with 11,829 homicides by guns in the United States for that same year. Canada's population is about 32.5 million people; the U.S. population is about 293 million.

A 1995 federal firearms law in Canada requires every firearm in the country be registered and each gun owner licensed.


post hoc ergo propter hoc: An author commits the fallacy when it is assumed that because one thing follows another that the one thing was caused by the other.

Be on the watch for this fallacy in the coming days. It is not so hard to point out that the causes of gun homicides are not restricted to the ownership of firearms. Crime has many fathers.

But Canada is grappling with an increase in organized crime behind the multibillion-dollar marijuana industry.

"It is an unprecedented and unspeakable loss," Royal Canadian Mounted Police Commissioner Giuliano Zaccardelli said in a statement. "We know that these are the most serious challenges, made complicated by the involvement of organized crime, the availability of weapons and the risks posed by individuals who choose the path of violence and destruction over peace and good."

"He loved the RCMP and all it stood for," his family said in a statement. "Our country is hurting. We have lost four dedicated citizens who were willing to do something about it."


One of those fathers, however, is not the fact that some people possess tools capable of inflicting grievous, fatal injury on another. Furthermore, it does not follow that the incidence of individuals killing others with firearms means those who have harmed or killed with the rifles, shotguns, and pistols in their possession ought to have their property rights restricted, regulated, and controlled by the state.

The slow moves towards more and more pot decriminalization in Canada do not mean cannabis-related crime will cease. On the contrary, since it is still somewhat illegal to own, produce, distribute, and consume marijuana and at the same time lesser sanctions are levied against both producers and consumers, it is likely the Canadian marijuana market is seeing a boom, pushing against the remaining strains of government criminalization. Meaning, since potential users and dealers who are not already in the market now have fewer government-imposed costs to risk, more people are entering the market. And since that indicates a growth industry, more opportunities for profit are emerging. But marijuana in Canada does not have the same status as, say, toothpicks. There are still legal boundaries that can be crossed even by relatively meaningless activity. For example, laws that restrict consumption and possession to under certain weights and volumes and to certain uses.

Further background at CTV.ca: Roszko killed officers and himself, RCMP says

Presumed cop killer Jim Roszko ambushed and killed all four officers in his Quonset hut, say the RCMP.

"None of our officers were struck by friendly fire," Supt. Marty Cheliak told reporters Saturday at a briefing outside the Mayerthorpe RCMP detachment.

"James Roszko was hit by return fire from our officers. Those strikes did not result in his death. James Roszko took his own life."

This was based on preliminary results from medical examiners, he said.

[...]

RCMP Cpl. Wayne Oakes added that it isn't known yet whether Roszko was waiting for the officers inside the Quonset or whether he entered it from outside.

"That's something the investigation's going to have to definitively clear up," he said.


Well? Which one is it? Calling something an ambush assumes the person lying in wait was waiting for the people to arrive in the ambush zone.
An affidavit signed by a bailiff and made public Friday night says Jim Roszko would most likely shoot on sight anyone he found on his property.

"The debtor is quite dangerous, has a long history of assaults, is in possession of a number of firearms ... and is known to have booby-trapped land," it read.

Alberta Mounties first went to Roszko's farm on Wednesday to assist with the bailiff's request to obtain property from the farm.

In addition, the police found evidence of stolen property, namely auto parts, and about 20 illegal marijuana plants plus a few pounds of leaves.

Initial reports indicated this event was triggered by a marijuana grow operation raid.


If this is true, them Mr. Roszko was a thief and ought to have compensated his victims for his crime. Ditto for the assaults, assuming he was not being violent in self-defense.
"It started very young. We tried to let him know we'd help him. But he couldn't overcome it. A lot of people played a part in that.''

That was his sister, Josephine Ruel, and I wish the editors and staff of the article had either asked her to be more specific or given us a clearer explanation of what "it" is. Again, if "it" is the legitimate concern for and defense of one's life and property, then "it" can only be viewed as behavior that took principles seriously. In a way, very much like the Arthur Bixby and Steven Bixby fiasco.
A criminal profiler offered this explanation.

"This is the type of person who will either commit suicide by cop or he'll take everyone else out," said Pat Brown.

"He's not going to be jailed. He's done that before and didn't like it, so he's not going to let that happen again."

© 2005 Bell Globemedia Inc. All Rights Reserved.


Already, I see signs of the inevitable backlash against freedom. In fact, I predict:
  1. This will slow down progress in marijuana decriminalization.
  2. This will strengthen calls for more firearm regulation.
  3. This will be used as a means to scare people into following the lead on the above.
  4. Even more pressure will be brought to bear on those people who follow a rights-based, individualistic ethic.

On the front page of the CTV.ca website, we have this charmer of a poll: Are you worried about marijuana grow-ops coming to your community?

The results as of 9:55pm, Central Standard Time:
Yes...5693 votes...(58 %)
No...4143 votes...(42 %)

My mother is Canadian and I have a considerable portion of my extended family residing there. For their sake, they hopefully will recognize the issues at stake and help prevent another wave of restrictive legislation and regulation.

UPDATE 3/7/2005 9:02am
See related comments at The London Fog ( Reefer Madness, The Liberal Way and Witch Hunting and Political posturing), Colby Cosh (How high to hang them? and ColbyCosh.com assignment desk), Jay Jardine ( Reefer Madness, Canadian Style), and the British Columbia Marijuana Party (Tragedy in Alberta Being Used By Opportunists and Prohibition Claims More Casualties, as well as others).

March 03, 2005

Ain't Got Time to Blog

There comes a point in your life when things get weirder than normal, but it takes you some time to recognize it. When you do, you suddenly understand that your life is warped and reality has become fucked up beyond all recognition.

For me, this point arrived today. It took three hours to see it, even though the FUBAR began 24 hours ago. As my boss arrived at 12:30 from a conference he spent the morning, I quickly got back to work.

Wait. Back to work? The hell was I doing?

Oh. That's right. I spent nearly the first four hours of work this morning collecting, printing, reading, and annotating 2 of the 14 scholarly journal articles totaling 205 pages I downloaded last night with such titillating titles as "Rational Conjectures Equilibria in the Private Provision of Public Goods" and "Excludability and the Effects of Free Riders: Right-to-Work Laws and Local Public Sector Unionization" for a paper due Monday for my Public Finance class I have at St. Edward's University.

I came to work not to work, but to study.

All this, while desperately trying to ignore threats to regulate 'political speech' on the Internet, the not-so-modest proposal by some dimwitted liberal fucks to bring back the draft as a way to shape society to their liking, and the self-refuting idiocy of Alan Greenspan calling for a tax to help the economy grow.

Trying times, my friends.

I'm ready for Happy Hour right now.

March 02, 2005

Eminent Nonsense

No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the Militia, when in actual service in time of War or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offence to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation.
While I salute the legal warriors attempting to sway the Supreme Court in Kelo vs. New London, I cannot help but state that even the most optimistic outcome in this case would still result in a moral and consequential horror: reaffirming the "right" of the state to seize your stuff as long as you are "compensated" in a manner in which you have little say and with money that was essentially seized from someone else.

I'd like to see eminent domain - a clear example of legal obfuscation if there ever was one - mercilessly decapitated and piked in front of every city hall and courthouse in the land. That, my friends, would be a real victory.

Get Outta the Club

Sometimes it seems like there is an inner totalitarian lurking in every libertarian breast. It comes out whenever one is REALLY annoyed.

-raf

If you own and operate a SUV, Jane Galt thinks your "negative externalities" should be corrected by the state.

Corrected, of course, means "a hefty carbon tax [and] a tax on vehicle height."

I expected more resistance to the idea and other forms of state ownership of your property in the comments, but I assumed wrong. Most of them choose to academically whittle at the details of imposing new use and purchase restrictions on what is not rightfully theirs.

March 01, 2005

Rothbard on the Medium of Exchange

It has generally been found, on the free market, that the best commodities for use as a money have been the precious metals, gold and silver.

- Murray Rothbard, The Ethics of Liberty, page 37, 1998 edition

I must admit upfront that my knowledge of monetary history is very weak and I can't contradict what he says here. However, can it really be said that a "free market" has existed in any substantial form for any substantial length of time, especially considering the historical context? The gold standard is long gone from regular use; he can only be referring to events prior to, say for simplicity, 1900. Were there free markets during those imperialistic, feudal, colonialistic times and did the de facto establishment of gold, silver, etc. as the medium of exchange during these times therefore represent a "free market vetting" so to speak of the medium? I find this particularly interesting given his defintion of a free market on page 40:
The free market is a society of voluntary and consequently mutually beneficial exchanges of ownership titles between specialized producers.
Emphasis in original.

Certainly the mercantilist era can't qualify as an example of this concept of free market, correct?

An inquiring mind wants to know. Reading suggestions (I'm aware of - but have not read - Rothbard's Man, Economy, State and What Has Government Done to Our Money?), historical evidence, pure conjecture, and theories are welcome.

"This is beginning to feel like persecution."

[Updates below.]

Austin-American Statesman: Austinites will get to vote on smoking ban (link will rot)

After several rounds of political haggling, Austin voters will finally get a chance to decide whether the city should enact a nearly complete ban on smoking in bars and restaurants.

The de facto essence of what passes for democracy these days is the active persecution of the minority by the majority (or, as in most cases, the plurality). If the "median voter" doesn't like you or what you do, look out. He or she thinks it is well within their right to have the state pounce on your property.

UPDATED 5/9/2005 9:29am
The Additional Tyranny - The New Austin Smoking Ban Passes

UPDATED 8/30/2005 1:46pm
Deadline for the Austin Smoking Ordinance